MCQs for Web Technologies with Answers: Top Picks for 2023

Understanding Web Technology

Web technology refers to the collection of technologies used for the World Wide Web, with its focus on creating, maintaining, and developing web-based applications. It is the method by which computers communicate with each other through the use of markup language and multimedia.

Web Terminology

• Web browser
• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
• Network
• Internet
• Email
• Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)

The Protocol Governing the Web

• Application Layer Protocol:
• HTTP: The Hypertext Transfer Protocol used by the World Wide Web, it is used to define how messages are formatted and transmitted.
• FTP: The File Transfer Protocol is a standard internet protocol for transmitting files between two computers on the internet.
• TELNET: The telecommunication network used to connect computers locally or to a remote host.
• SMTP, IMAP, POP: Protocols for email communication.
• DNS: Domain Name System is a way that internet domain names are located and translated into IP addresses.
• SSL: Secure Socket Layer.

Java Programming Language

Java is a high-level, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language. It is easy to learn and used to develop any kind of program. It can also be used in Android development.

Java Architecture

Java Architecture consists of three main components:

• JVM: Java Virtual Machine is one of the main features of Java. It allows Java programs to run on any operating system, regardless of the environment.
• JRE: Java Runtime Environment provides an environment for Java programs to run.
• JDK: Java Development Kit is a software development environment used in the development of Java applications and applets.

Java Servlets

• Servlets are Java programs that run on servers.
• Servlets are most commonly used with HTTP and hence are also known as HTTP servlets.
• Servlet technology is robust and scalable because of the Java language.
• The servlet API has interfaces and classes such as Servlet, GenericServlet, HTTPServlet, and ServerletResponse.

Web Technology MCQs

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) related to Web Technology are available for practice and assessment.

Web Browsers and HTML Rendering

In the given options, the correct answer is C) web browser. A web browser is a software application used to access and display websites on the internet. It can read and interpret HTML code to render web pages with text, images, and other media content.

Range of Byte Data Types in JavaScript

In JavaScript, there is no specific byte data type. However, numbers in JavaScript are represented using the IEEE 754 standard, which includes a byte size of 8 bits. The range of values that can be represented with 8 bits, signed or unsigned, are:

• Signed: -128 to 127
• Unsigned: 0 to 255

Therefore, the range of the byte data type can be expressed as -128 to 127.

Identifying the Operator for Allocating Memory to Array Variables in JavaScript

new

is the operator that is used to allocate memory to array variables in JavaScript. The other options,

new malloc

,

alloc

, and

malloc

, are not valid operators in JavaScript for allocating memory to array variables.

Here is an example of using the

new

operator to allocate memory to an array variable:

let myArray = new Array(5);

This code creates an array called

myArray

with a length of 5. The

new

keyword allocates memory for the array and the

Array()

constructor creates the array.

It is important to note that in modern JavaScript, using the

[]

notation to create arrays is preferred over using the

Array()

constructor. For instance, the following line of code creates an array with the same length as the previous example:

let myArray = [];
myArray.length = 5;

Latest HTML Standard

The latest HTML standard is HTML 5.0.

Options:

• HTML 4.0
• HTML 5.0
• XML
• SGML

The correct option is B) HTML 5.0

Explanation: HTML 5.0 has many new and improved features such as support for multimedia, semantic elements, and enhanced accessibility for users with disabilities. Therefore, it is the latest standard and widely used in web development.

Why were Cookies Designed?

Cookies were designed for server-side programming.

They are small pieces of data sent from a website and stored on the user's computer by the user's web browser while the user is browsing the web. Cookies allow the website to remember the user's actions or preferences over time. This can be helpful for things like remembering login information, personalizing content, and tracking website usage.

Variables in JavaScript Programs

Variables are an important concept in JavaScript programming language. They are used to store values that can vary during program execution. This enables the programmer to write flexible code that can respond to changing conditions.

Variables can store a wide range of data types including numbers, strings, and dates. They are typically declared using the "var" keyword and assigned a value using the "=" operator. For example:

var myNumber = 42;
var myString = "Hello World";
var myDate = new Date();

Variables are not used as header files in JavaScript as they are in languages like C/C++. Rather, functions and classes are used to organize code into reusable modules.

Therefore, the correct answer is: B) Storing numbers, dates, and other values

SNMP Port Number

The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) uses port number 161.

Port number 161

Identifying Incorrect HTML Tag

<input>

,

<textarea>

are the correct HTML tags for input and multiline input fields respectively. However,

<list>

is not a valid HTML tag. A list in HTML can be created using

<ul>

(unordered list) or

<ol>

(ordered list) tags with

<li>

(list item) tag inside them.

Therefore, the correct answer is C)

<list>

is an incorrect HTML tag.

Full Form of W3C

The correct full form of W3C is World Wide Web consortium.

The option D is correct.

Identifying Empty or Void Elements in HTML

The empty or void elements in HTML are elements that do not contain any content or text, as they are self-closing tags. They do not require a closing tag, and can be identified by using the "/>" syntax instead of the traditional closing tag.

<abbr/>

is an example of an empty or void element in HTML, along with other tags such as

<br/>

,

<img/>

, and

<input/>

.

Explanation of Using COLSPAN Attribute for Merging Columns

In HTML, the COLSPAN attribute is used to merge two or more adjacent columns in a table. This attribute specifies the number of columns that the cell should span. By using the COLSPAN attribute, it is possible to create a table cell that spans across multiple columns of a table.

If you want to merge two or more adjacent columns in a table, you can use the following syntax:

<td colspan="number_of_columns_to_merge">Content</td>

In the above syntax, replace "number_of_columns_to_merge" with the number of columns you want to merge. Then, add the content that should be displayed in the merged cell.

Therefore, the correct answer to the given question is option C) COLSPAN is used for merging two or more adjacent columns.

Transmission of Information on the World Wide Web

In order to transmit information on the World Wide Web, the protocol used is HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). It is specifically designed for communication between web servers and web clients, allowing the exchange of various types of data, including text, images, videos, and audio files. Proper spelling of HTTP must be followed in order to ensure successful transmission of information. Therefore, option B) HTTP is the correct answer.

Answer

A website is a transient cookie.

Explanation

In web development, cookies are small pieces of data stored on a user's computer by a website while the user is browsing. There are different types of cookies, including persistent and transient cookies. Persistent cookies are stored on a user's device for a longer time, while transient cookies are deleted as soon as the user closes their browser. Therefore, the correct answer is B, a website is a transient cookie.

// Example usage of a transient cookie in JavaScript
document.cookie = "username=JohnDoe; expires=session; path=/";

HTML as a Subset of SGML

In the given options, the correct answer is option C - SGML. HTML, which stands for Hypertext Markup Language, is a markup language that is used for creating web pages and is a subset of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). SGML is a markup language that is used for describing the structure and content of a document and is a standard for defining generalized markup languages. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option C - SGML.

Explanation:

The body tag is used to define the main content of an HTML document, and it comes after the head tag. The head tag contains the document's metadata including the title tag, which specifies the title of the document that is displayed in the browser's title bar. The body tag is used to wrap all of the visible content that the user can see on the browser window.

Establishing Base URL using the BASE Element

In HTML, the BASE element is used to establish the base URL for relative URLs in a document. The base URL is the URL that all relative URLs are resolved against.

To add the BASE element to an HTML document, use the following code:

<base href="base_url">

Replace "base_url" with the actual base URL for your document.

Using the BASE element can help to ensure that your website works correctly, especially when linking to external resources like images, stylesheets, or scripts.

Model of the World Wide Web

The World Wide Web (www) is based on the client-server model. In this model, clients (usually in the form of web browsers) request information and services from servers (usually web servers) through the internet. The servers then respond by sending the requested information back to the clients. This model allows for efficient and organized sharing of information over the internet.

Identifying Containers in HTML

In HTML, a container is an element that can hold other HTML elements within it. The most common container in HTML is the

<div>

element, which is used to group elements together and apply CSS styles to them as a unit. However, among the options provided, both the

<body>

and

<select>

elements are containers.

The

<body>

element is the top-level container for the content of an HTML page. All visible content should be included within the

<body>

element.

The

<select>

element is a container for a drop-down list of options. It can hold multiple

<option>

elements, which are the individual items in the list.

The

<input>

element is not a container, as it is used to create a single input field for user input.

Therefore, the correct answer is D) Both <body> and <select> containers.

<div>

container example:

<div>

<p>

This is some text inside the div.

</p>

<p>

This is some more text inside the div.

</p>

</div>

Explanation of HTML Attribute

The correct answer is option C) REL. The REL attribute defines the relationship between the current document and the URL that is being linked to using the HREF attribute. It is commonly used to specify the relationship of the linked document to the current document, such as whether it is a stylesheet, alternate version, or a related document.

The other options are not related to defining the relationship between the current document and the URL. URL simply specifies the URL of the linked document. REV is used to specify the relationship of the linked document to the current document in reverse, which is not very common. None is an incorrect option as it is not an attribute that exists in HTML.

<a href="http://example.com" rel="stylesheet">Example</a>

In the above example code, the REL attribute is used to specify that the linked document is a stylesheet that is related to the current document.

Identification of MIME Text File Extension

The MIME text file is commonly saved with the HTML extension, which stands for Hypertext Markup Language. HTML is a language used to create and structure content for the web. Therefore, text files containing HTML code are often referred to as HTML files.

//Example of saving a text file with HTML extension
file.txt -> file.html

Explanation of the Use of XPATH

XPATH is a query language used to navigate through an XML document. It is used to address the document by specifying a location path. This means that XPATH is used to locate specific elements or attributes within an XML document. It helps in extracting the required data from the XML document.

Identifying Push Button Creation Among Different Options

In the given options,

• RESET: It can be used to create a push-button.
• CHECK BOX: It is used to create a checkbox which is different from push-button.
• INPUT: It is an HTML element used to create different types of form controls like text box, radio button, checkbox, etc.
• RADIO: It is used to create radio buttons which are different from push-button.

Therefore, the correct answer is RESET.

// Example code for creating reset button using HTML button tag
<button type="reset">Reset</button>

Correcting and Improving the Explanation of XML Tag Elements in Case Sensitivity

The given answer is correct. In XML, the tag elements are case-sensitive. It means that the opening and closing tags must match exactly, including the use of uppercase and lowercase letters. For example, and would be considered two different elements in XML.

Number of Available Headers in HTML

There are six sizes of headers available in HTML by default, which are differentiated by the size of the text they display. They range from h1 to h6, with h1 being the largest and h6 the smallest. Therefore, the correct answer is D – 6.

HTML Lists

In HTML, there are two types of lists available: ordered and unordered lists.

An ordered list is created with the `

` tag and displays a numbered list.

A unordered list is created with the `

` tag and displays a bulleted list.

It is important to choose the appropriate type of list for the content to ensure a clear and organized display for users.

Default Extension for Saving HTML Files

HTML files are saved with the .html or .htm extension by default.

.html

or

.htm

extension is added to the file name to indicate that it contains HTML code. This extension is recognized by web browsers which use it to render the web pages correctly.

Explanation:

The backslash (\) is commonly used in programming, but in HTML, it has a specific use. When it is used before a tag, it converts the text within it to that tag. For example, "\text" would become "text" if the backslash is used before it. Therefore, option A is correct.

Identifying Self-Closing Tags

Some HTML tags do not require a separate closing tag. These tags are called self-closing tags or void elements. The self-closing tags include:

<br>

<img src="image.jpg" alt="image">

<input type="text" name="email">

The above tags are self-contained, meaning they don't need a closing tag. The slash that appears before the closing angle bracket is optional, and both <br> and <br /> are valid.

Attributes Used to Change the Size of an Image

In HTML, to change the size of an image, we use the "width" and "height" attributes. These attributes define the width and height of the image in pixels (px). For example, to make an image 500 pixels wide and 300 pixels tall, we can set the attributes like this:

<img src="image.jpg" width="500" height="300">

Using these attributes, we can make an image appear large or small on a web page, depending on our desired size.

Identifying HTML Elements with ID Attribute

In HTML, the ID attribute is used to provide a unique name for an HTML element. A unique ID can be used to identify a specific element so that it can be styled with CSS or manipulated with JavaScript.

For example, if you want to style a particular paragraph element with CSS, you can assign it a unique ID like so:

<p id="my-paragraph">This is my paragraph.</p>

Then, in your CSS file, you can reference that ID to apply specific styles to that paragraph element:

#my-paragraph { color: red; }

Or, if you want to manipulate that element with JavaScript, you can get a reference to it using the getElementById() method:

let myParagraph = document.getElementById("my-paragraph");

Overall, using IDs to identify HTML elements can help keep your code organized and make it easier to style and manipulate specific elements as needed.

Explanation:

The function of the HTML style attribute is to add styles to an HTML element. Styles can be added to an element by specifying the property and value within the style attribute. For example,

<p style="color: blue; font-size: 16px;">This is a paragraph</p>

will make the text blue and with a font size of 16 pixels.

Which HTML element is used to define description data?

The HTML element used to define description data is the <meta> tag.

<meta name="description" content="This is a description of my website.">

The name attribute specifies the type of metadata being defined (in this case, description).

The content attribute is the actual description data.

Explanation:

In HTML, the font-family property is used to change the font of a text. It is a CSS property that specifies the preferred font family for an element. Different values for the font-family property can be assigned like Times New Roman, Arial, Verdana, etc.

The font-size property is used to change the size of the text, whereas the text-align property is used to align the text according to the requirement. None is not a valid answer as it is not a property used to change the font of text in HTML.

Understanding XML as a Storage Format

Out of the given options, the correct answer is option C. XML is a storage format that uses text to store and transport data. It is often used to structure and share data between different systems and applications. However, XML is not a database and cannot be used as a traditional database system.

Although XML can be used to store data in a structured format, it lacks the functionality of a true database management system, such as data querying, indexing, and transactions. Therefore, it is best used for storing and exchanging data between systems rather than as a primary data storage system.

Additionally, XML is a language because it follows a set of rules and syntax for creating and manipulating data. These rules apply not only to how the data is structured, but also to the content and format of the data itself. As a result, XML can be considered a language for describing and communicating data in a standardized way.

Code:

// Example of XML code 
<book>
   <title>The Great Gatsby</title>
   <author>F. Scott Fitzgerald</author>
   <publisher>Scribner</publisher>
   <published_date>April 10, 1925</published_date>
</book>

Location of Map Definition File

The map definition file is typically stored in the CGI-BIN directory.

This directory is specifically used to store executable files or scripts that are required by the web server to perform specific functionalities.

Therefore, it makes sense to store the map definition file in the CGI-BIN directory as it is an essential part of the web application and contains definitions that are used by the server for mapping requests to the corresponding resources.

# Example directory structure in a web application
root/
    cgi-bin/
        map_definition_file.txt
    css/
    js/
    ...

XML as a Declarative Language

XML

is a declarative language, not an imperative language. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Declarative languages such as

XML

describe what the output should be, based on the input parameters, and do not provide step-by-step instructions on how to achieve the output.

Imperative languages such as

Java

or

C++

provide step-by-step instructions on how to achieve the output. They describe the logic and execution flow of the program.

Understanding the Document Object Model (DOM)

The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for web documents. It represents the page so that programs can change the document structure, style, and content. Contrary to what is stated in the given answer choices, the DOM is not a coding style or a specification. Rather, it is a parser, which is a program that reads HTML, XML, or other markup languages and turns them into a tree-like structure called the DOM tree. This tree model allows developers to manipulate the content and structure of web pages with programming languages like JavaScript.

Identifying the Function to Request Text Input from Users in JavaScript

In JavaScript, the function used to send messages to users requesting for text input is

prompt()

.

prompt()

shows a dialog box to the user with an optional message or question, and an input field where the user can enter text. The function returns the entered text as a string.

Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Identifying the Method to Specify a Container's Layout in JSP

In JSP, the method used to specify a container's layout is setLayout(). Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

For example, to set the layout of a container named "container1" to BorderLayout in JSP, we can use the following code:

 
<%@ page import="java.awt.*" %>
<%@ page import="java.awt.event.*" %>
<%@ page import="javax.swing.*" %>

<html>
<head><title>Setting Container Layout</title></head>
<body>

<%
JPanel container1 = new JPanel();
container1.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
%>

</body>
</html>

In the above code snippet, we have imported the required packages and created a JPanel named "container1". We have then used the setLayout() method to set its layout to BorderLayout.

It's important to note that the setLayout() method is part of the LayoutManager interface in Java, which is used to control the way components are laid out in containers.

Getting the Current System Date in ASP

In ASP, to get the current system date we use the Date() function. Therefore, the correct answer is D) Date().

Here's an example code snippet to demonstrate how to use the Date() function:

<%
Dim currentDate
currentDate = Date()
Response.Write("Today's date is: " & currentDate)
%>

In the above code, we declare a variable called "currentDate" and assign it the value of the Date() function. We then use the Response.Write() method to display the current date on the page.

Explaining the Full Form of DOM

In web development, DOM stands for Document Object Model. It is a programming interface for web documents. It represents the page so that programs can dynamically change the document content, structure, and style.

Option B) is the correct answer as it stands for "document object model".

Options A) and C) are not correct as they have the term "memory" instead of "model". Option D) is incorrect as it does not provide any relevant information.

Identifying HTML's Total Standard Color Names

HTML supports a total of 140 standard color names.

//Example of using a standard color name in HTML

<p style="color:tomato">This text will be displayed in the color tomato.</p>

This answer is incorrect. The correct tag used to give a paragraph is

. The

 tag is used to display preformatted text.
Identifying the HTML Tag for Defining a Concept

The correct answer is 
<dfn>
 tag. It is used to indicate a term or concept within a document. It is often styled in italics and can be used in combination with the
<abbr>
 tag to define an abbreviation or acronym.
Example:

    <p>The <dfn>HTML</dfn> stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.</p> <br>
    <p><abbr title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</abbr> is a US Intelligence Agency.</p>

In the above example, 
<dfn>
 tag is used to define the term HTML, and 
<abbr>
 tag is used to define the acronym CIA.
Standard Network Protocol for File Transfer
The standard network protocol used to transfer computer files between a client and server on a computer network is the File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
FTP allows users to transfer large files between computers over a TCP/IP network. It is a reliable and secure way to transfer files between remote computers.
Other protocols such as HTTP and SMTP can also be used to transfer files, but they are not specifically designed for file transfer and may not be as efficient or secure as FTP.
Identifying the Most Common Internet Protocol
Out of the options given, SMTP is the most commonly used internet protocol.

//No code provided for this question



FTP Port Number
The port number of FTP is 21.
In computer networking, a port number is a 16-bit unsigned integer that is used to identify a specific process to which a message or datagram is to be delivered. Port numbers are used by protocols of the transport layer, such as TCP and UDP, to identify a specific service or application.
Therefore, to use FTP, you need to connect to port 21 on the server, which is where the FTP service is usually running.

// Example code to connect to FTP server on port 21
const ftp = require('ftp');
const client = new ftp();
client.connect({
  host: 'ftp.example.com',
  port: 21
});



Explanation
The correct expansion of MIME is Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension. It is a standard that is used for sending multimedia content over email and other communication protocols on the internet.
Resource Allocation and Management in Networks
In a network environment, a server is typically used to allocate and manage the available resources. These resources may include hardware devices such as printers, scanners, and storage devices, as well as software applications or services.
The server acts as a central point of control, managing access to these resources and ensuring that they are used effectively. It may also monitor usage patterns and adjust resource allocations in real-time to optimize performance.
Other network elements, such as nodes or Bluetooth devices, may play a role in resource allocation and management as well, but it is the server that typically provides the primary mechanisms for controlling and distributing network resources.
Identifying Servers for LAN Data Sharing
In a Local Area Network (LAN), users often need to share data to collaborate effectively. Among the server options, the server that allows LAN users to share data is the File server.
// Example of sharing data in a local network using a file server
// Initializing file server
var fileServer = new FileServer();
// Making data available for sharing
fileServer.shareData('shared_folder');
// Accessing shared data
var sharedData = fileServer.accessData('shared_folder');