In visual place recognition, one common challenge is handling dynamic scenes where objects or people are moving within the scene. Another challenge is addressing changes in the physical appearance of a place over time, such as renovations or modifications to the environment. Lastly, the presence of similar-looking places or repeated structures can create confusion and hinder accurate recognition.

One challenge is handling changes in lighting conditions, as the appearance of a place can vary significantly depending on factors such as time of day or weather conditions. Another challenge is dealing with occlusions, where certain parts of the scene are blocked and cannot be directly observed. Additionally, variations in viewpoint and scale pose challenges in matching visual features with those in the reference database.

In addition to the challenges mentioned, another important aspect is handling real-world variations such as seasonal changes, different viewpoints, and image variations due to changes in weather conditions or time of day. Another challenge is dealing with image noise and clutter, which can impact the accuracy of recognition algorithms.