javascript difference between window and Window

Window is a function, as you can see. It's the constructor for the windows (but you can't build new windows directly with the constructor, you usually use the Window.open function). Window.prototype thus holds the methods you can call on the window).

window is the global variable holding an instance of Window, it represents the browser window containing your document (not really a "window" usually, rather a tab in modern browsers).

You can check that
window instanceof Window
is true