Common Interview Questions for ASP.NET MVC Developers in 2023 - IQCode

Introduction to ASP.NET MVC

ASP.NET MVC stands for Active Server Pages in the .NET framework and MVC (Model-View-Controller) is a software design pattern that was introduced in 1970. It is a framework that is highly sought after for developing mobile and web applications since it provides a group of class libraries to create highly scalable, high performing, and testable applications. Decoupling the controller logic, data model, and user interface (view) makes maintenance and testing of an application simpler and easier.

Scope of ASP.NET MVC

Application developers proficient in ASP.NET are in high demand because companies aim to gain a competitive advantage by using better custom software programming.

To improve your chances of performing well in ASP.NET MVC interviews, you can prepare with the following list of interview questions for fresher level.

ASP.NET MVC Interview Questions for Freshers:

1. What is ASP.NET MVC?

Main Components of an ASP.NET MVC Application

In an ASP.NET MVC application, there are three main components:

1. Model: This is responsible for managing application data, state, and business logic.
2. View: This is responsible for defining the user interface (UI) of the application.
3. Controller: This is responsible for handling user input and managing user interaction.

These components work together to create a functional web application that can handle user requests and generate dynamic content based on the data and logic defined within the model, view, and controller.

ASP.NET MVC 5 Overview

ASP.NET MVC 5 is a framework for building dynamic and robust web applications using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern. It is an open-source web application framework created by Microsoft to work with its .NET Framework.

MVC separates the application's concerns into three interconnected components: the Model, which represents the application's data and logic; the View, which presents the UI to the user; and the Controller, which handles user input and updates the Model and View accordingly.

ASP.NET MVC 5 provides developers with a wide range of tools and features to create web applications, including customizable templates, scaffolding, authentication, and authorization. It also includes integration with popular client-side frameworks like AngularJS, React, and KnockoutJS, making it easier to build modern, interactive web applications.

With ASP.NET MVC 5, developers can take advantage of the latest web development technologies to create dynamic, scalable, and easy-to-maintain web applications.

What is Routing in ASP.NET MVC?

Routing in ASP.NET MVC is the process of mapping incoming HTTP requests to a specific Controller and Action method. It helps in building clean and search engine friendly URLs for the web application.

//Example of Routing in ASP.NET MVC

//Default Route
routes.MapRoute(
            name: "Default",
            url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);

//Custom Route
routes.MapRoute(
            name: "Custom",
            url: "employees/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { controller = "Employee", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);

In the above code, we define two routes, the first one is a default route with a URL pattern of

"{controller}/{action}/{id}"

which will map to the Home controller's Index action method by default. The second one is a custom route with a URL pattern of

"employees/{action}/{id}"

which will map to the Employee controller's Index action method by default.

We can also define constraints on the routing parameters to ensure that they meet certain criteria, like a minimum length or a specific format.

When to Use Attribute Routing

Attribute routing should be used when you need more control over your routing logic or when you want to simplify your routing configuration. This approach allows you to define routing rules more explicitly by decorating your action methods or controllers with routing attributes. It also allows you to define more complex routes with variables in the URL. In general, attribute routing is a good choice for small to medium-sized applications with simple routing requirements. For larger applications or those with more complex routing needs, convention-based routing may be a better option.

Understanding the Action Method in MVC

In the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture, the Action Method is a method that is defined in the Controller class and is responsible for handling client requests. It receives input from the user through the View, processes it through the Model, and then sends the processed output back to the View for display.

The Action Method is the entry point for a client request, and it is responsible for performing all the necessary processing before returning an appropriate response. It can access both the Model and the View, and it is responsible for coordinating the communication between the two.

The Action Method is typically identified by a unique name and can accept arguments when required. These arguments can be either primitive data types or custom objects. Once the Action Method has processed the data, it returns the result as an instance of the ActionResult class, which is then sent back to the client in the form of a response.

Overall, the Action Method is one of the core components of the MVC architecture and is critical in ensuring that client requests are processed efficiently and effectively.

Understanding the Concept of Area in ASP.NET MVC

In ASP.NET MVC, an area is a logical division of a web application that encapsulates related functionality. Areas allow the separation of applications into smaller and more manageable units, making it easier to organize large, complex applications.

Areas in ASP.NET MVC serve as modular components of the overall application and they provide a way to group related functionality together. Each area has its own set of controllers, views, and models, which are separate from those of the main application. This makes it possible to develop, maintain, and deploy sections of an application independently of each other.

In summary, areas in ASP.NET MVC provide a way to organize an application into smaller, more manageable units, making it easier to maintain, develop, and deploy.

What is JsonResult type in ASP.NET MVC?

In ASP.NET MVC, JsonResult is a type of action result that returns data in JSON format. JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation, and it is a lightweight data exchange format that is easy to read and parse by both humans and machines. JsonResult is often used to retrieve data from the server asynchronously and update the UI without a full page refresh. It is a convenient way to exchange data between server-side code and client-side JavaScript.

Overview of ASP.NET MVC Filters

ASP.NET MVC Filters are a key feature of the ASP.NET MVC framework that provide a way to add pre- or post-processing logic to our MVC application. These filters can be used for a wide range of purposes, such as authentication, caching, exception handling, and logging. We can define them at various levels of our application, such as global level, controller level, and action level.

There are five types of filters in ASP.NET MVC:

1. Authorization Filter 2. Action Filter 3. Result Filter 4. Exception Filter 5. Resource Filter

Each type of filter is executed at a different point in the request/response pipeline, and each has its own specific purpose. We can also create custom filters by implementing one of the available filter interfaces or by deriving from one of the existing filter classes.

In summary, ASP.NET MVC Filters are a powerful mechanism that allows us to add custom logic to our application at different levels. They provide a flexible and extensible way to address cross-cutting concerns and improve the overall quality of our code.

A Brief Explanation of Action Filters in ASP.NET MVC

In ASP.NET MVC, action filters are attributes that enable you to add extra behavior to actions and controllers. These filters can be applied to the entire controller or to individual action methods. There are various action filters available in ASP.NET MVC, such as Authorization filters, Action filters, Result filters, and Exception filters.

Authorization filters are used to authenticate users and authorize access to certain actions or controllers. Action filters allow you to execute code before or after the execution of an action method, e.g., logging, caching, etc. Result filters help you customize the result returned to the client after the execution of an action. Exception filters enable you to handle exceptions that occur during the execution of an action or a filter.

Action filters can be created by deriving from the ActionFilterAttribute class or implementing IActionFilter, which are both part of the ASP.NET MVC framework. They provide a powerful mechanism to modify the behavior of actions and controllers, making ASP.NET MVC highly extensible and customizable.

Advantages of ASP.NET MVC

ASP.NET MVC provides numerous advantages, including but not limited to:

1. Better control over the HTML and CSS making it possible to create cleaner, lighter and SEO-friendly web applications.
2. Separation of concerns (SoC) by dividing an application into Model-View-Controller components making it easier to manage, test and maintain the application.
3. Built-in support for Dependency Injection (DI) enabling better unit testing and modular programming.
4. The Razor View Engine simplifies the syntax for coding HTML and offers better code reusability.
5. ASP.NET MVC is based on the widely-used .NET Framework, which ensures easy integration with other .NET tools and services.
6. It also provides good security, performance, and scalability.

// Example: Accessing a database table using Entity Framework
public class CustomerController : Controller {
    private readonly MyDbContext _context;
 
    public CustomerController(MyDbContext context) {
        _context = context;
    }
 
    public async Task<IActionResult> Index(int? page) {
        const int pageSize = 10;
 
        var customers = from c in _context.Customers
                        orderby c.LastName, c.FistName
                        select c;
 
        var paginatedCustomers = await PaginatedList<Customer>.CreateAsync(customers.AsNoTracking(), page ?? 1, pageSize);
 
        return View(paginatedCustomers);
    }
}

Understanding ViewBag and ViewData in ASP.NET MVC

In the ASP.NET MVC framework, ViewBag and ViewData are two mechanisms for passing data from the controller to the view.

ViewData is a dictionary object that is used to transfer data between a controller and a view. It is a dynamic property that allows you to store and retrieve data using a string key. However, since it is an untyped object, you will need to cast it to retrieve the data in the view.

On the other hand, ViewBag is a property of the ControllerBase class that provides similar functionality to ViewData but uses a more natural property syntax. It is also a dynamic property and works like a dictionary object. The primary difference between ViewBag and ViewData is that ViewBag uses C# dynamic features to enable the use of properties directly on objects.

In conclusion, both ViewBag and ViewData serve the same purpose of maintaining data between controller and view, with the difference being in their methods of implementation. Ultimately, the choice of which one to use comes down to personal preference and the needs of the specific application.

Bundling and Minification in ASP.NET MVC

In ASP.NET MVC, bundling and minification are techniques used to improve website performance. Bundling groups multiple files into a single bundle, reducing the number of requests required to load a page. Minification reduces file size by removing unnecessary characters, such as white space and comments, without affecting functionality.

The following code demonstrates how to use bundling and minification in ASP.NET MVC:

// BundleConfig.cs

using System.Web.Optimization;

public class BundleConfig { public static void RegisterBundles(BundleCollection bundles) { bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/jquery").Include( "~/Scripts/jquery-{version}.js"));

bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/jqueryval").Include( "~/Scripts/jquery.validate*"));

bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/modernizr").Include( "~/Scripts/modernizr-*"));

bundles.Add(new StyleBundle("~/Content/css").Include( "~/Content/bootstrap.css", "~/Content/site.css")); BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true; } }

In this example, bundles are defined for jQuery, jQuery validation, Modernizr, and CSS styles. The

BundleTable.EnableOptimizations

property is set to true to enable minification.

Overall, bundling and minification are important techniques to improve website speed and reduce bandwidth usage.

What is a View Engine?

A View Engine is a software component in web development that enables the rendering of webpages using templates and data. It takes care of converting model data into HTML representations for users to see.

Razor View Engine in ASP.NET MVC

The Razor View Engine is a view engine for ASP.NET MVC that allows developers to create dynamic, HTML-based views using a simple syntax with minimal code. It uses a combination of HTML markup and Razor-specific syntax to create templates that are used to generate the final HTML output that is sent to the client. The Razor View Engine also supports layout pages, partial views, and view models, which make it easy to create reusable UI components and separate presentation logic from business logic. Overall, the Razor View Engine is a powerful tool for creating flexible and maintainable UI in ASP.NET MVC applications.

Explanation of TempData in ASP.NET MVC

TempData is a feature in ASP.NET MVC that is used to store data temporarily during the redirecting of a web application. It is a dictionary object that is used to share data between Controller and View in a single HTTP request. Tempdata is a container that keeps data for that specific HTTP request.

When data is stored in a TempData object, it remains available to the current request as well as for the next subsequent request. However, the data will be deleted automatically after the second request is processed or when it is manually removed. TempData is very useful when a developer needs to transfer data from one view to another view, and both views need to share the same data.

TempData can be used to store primitive data types, strings, arrays, or objects. It can also be used to handle error messages during form submission, where error messages can be added to TempData and displayed on the view accordingly.

Below is the syntax used to add data to TempData dictionary:

csharp
TempData["Key"] = Value;

Below is the syntax used to retrieve data from the TempData dictionary:

csharp
var Value = TempData["Key"];

In conclusion, TempData is an essential feature in ASP.NET MVC that helps developers to manage data while working with complex web applications.

Understanding Test Driven Development (TDD) in ASP.NET MVC

Test Driven Development (TDD) is a software development approach that involves writing test cases for each unit of code before writing the actual code to pass those tests. In the context of ASP.NET MVC, TDD allows developers to create reliable and high-quality code with fewer bugs and easier maintenance.

The TDD approach involves three key steps:

1. Writing a failing test case 2. Writing the minimum amount of code to pass the test 3. Refactoring the code to improve its design and maintainability.

By following this approach, developers can quickly identify and fix issues as they arise, rather than waiting until the end of the development process to catch them. This results in faster development, higher-quality code, and better overall satisfaction among end-users.

To implement TDD in ASP.NET MVC, developers can use popular testing frameworks like NUnit, xUnit, and MSTest. These frameworks allow developers to create automated test cases that check the functionality and behavior of their code.

Overall, TDD is an effective approach to software development that can help ASP.NET MVC developers create better code with fewer bugs. By writing tests first and then code, developers can catch issues early on and deliver a more reliable product to end-users.

Overview of State Management in ASP.NET MVC

State management refers to the way in which an ASP.NET MVC application maintains the state and data of its components and controls across requests. There are several approaches to state management, including server-side state management and client-side state management, which can be used in combination to meet the needs of your application.

Server-Side State Management

ASP.NET MVC provides several server-side state management options that can be used to store data, including:

- Session state: Allows data to be stored and retrieved on a per-session basis. - Application state: Allows data to be accessed by all sessions running on a web server. - Cache: Allows data to be stored and retrieved from memory to improve performance.

Client-Side State Management

Client-side state management refers to storing data in the browser, rather than on the server. This can be useful for reducing server load and improving performance, but it poses security risks, and data can be lost if the user clears their browser data.

Client-side state management options in ASP.NET MVC include:

- Cookies: Small pieces of data that can be stored on the user's computer. - Query strings: Allows data to be sent across a URL, but has limited capacity. - Hidden fields: Allows data to be stored on the page itself, but has limited capacity.

By using these state management techniques, you can ensure that your ASP.NET MVC application is able to maintain the state and data of its components across requests and deliver a smooth user experience.

Implementing Forms Authentication in ASP.NET MVC

Forms Authentication is a commonly used authentication mechanism in ASP.NET MVC to authenticate user credentials. Here's how to implement it:

1. First, open the web.config file and add the following code to configure the Forms Authentication:

  <authentication mode="Forms">
    <forms loginUrl="~/Account/Login" timeout="2880" />
  </authentication>

This will set the authentication mode to Forms and specify the login URL and timeout.

2. Create a UserController that will handle user authentication, including login and logout actions. You can customize it to your application needs.

3. Create a login view, which should include the login form. Once the user submits the form, the UserController will validate the user's credentials.

4. When validation succeeds, create an authentication cookie to store the user's credentials using the FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie method.

5. Implement the [Authorize] filter attribute in your controller actions to ensure that only authorized users can access the action.

That's it! Now your ASP.NET MVC application is secured with Forms Authentication.

Advantages of using scaffolding in ASP.NET MVC

Scaffolding in ASP.NET MVC provides the following advantages:

1. Time-saving: Scaffolding generates the basic code for creating CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations, which saves a significant amount of time.
2. Consistency: Scaffolding ensures consistency in code style and structure as it generates uniform code for similar actions.
3. Customization: Scaffolding can be customized according to specific requirements by modifying templates or creating custom templates.
4. Updates: If any changes are made to the database schema, scaffolding can be re-run to update the generated code without having to manually modify the code.
5. Reduced errors: Scaffolding reduces the chances of errors as it generates the repetitive code, thereby reducing human involvement/errors.
6. Learning tool: Scaffolding can also serve as a learning tool to understand the core structure of an ASP.NET MVC application and how it responds to different actions.

//Example of scaffolding in ASP.NET MVC //Scaffolding can be done using Visual Studio by following the below steps: //1. Right click on the controllers folder in the solution explorer and choose Add-> Controller //2. Select the scaffolding template to use and the model to base the controller on //3. Click Add and the controller and corresponding views will be generated

ASP.NET MVC Interview Questions for Experienced:

Q21. Can you explain the life cycle of an ASP.NET MVC application?

The life cycle of an ASP.NET MVC application includes the following steps:

1. The user sends a request to the server.
2. The URL routing module examines the URL and determines the appropriate controller method.
3. The controller method retrieves the data necessary to generate a response.
4. The controller method creates and returns an instance of an action result (e.g. view, JSON, file).
5. The appropriate view engine renders the view and returns the HTML to the Response object.
6. The response is sent to the client, and the MVC application is reset for the next request.

This cycle is repeated for each request made by the user.

Explanation of RenderSection() function

The RenderSection() function is a method in the ASP.NET framework that is used to render a specified section of a Razor view. This function is particularly useful when working with layout pages, as it allows you to split up sections of your page and render them independently.

The basic syntax for calling the RenderSection() function is:

@RenderSection("SectionName", required: false)

The "SectionName" parameter specifies the name of the section you want to render, while the "required" parameter is an optional Boolean value that specifies whether or not the section is required to be present in the view. By default, this parameter is set to "true", meaning that if the specified section is missing from the view, an exception will be thrown.

When calling the RenderSection() function, you typically place it within a layout page, and then define the corresponding section in the child views that make use of that layout. For example, consider the following code:

<!-- In layout page -->
@RenderSection("Scripts")

<!-- In child view -->
@section Scripts {
  <script src="some-script.js"></script>
}

In this code, the layout page includes a call to the RenderSection() function, passing in "Scripts" as the section name. Then, in the child view, a section is defined using the @section directive and given the same name. When the code is executed, the contents of the "Scripts" section in the child view will be rendered in place of the call to the RenderSection() function in the layout page.

Overall, the RenderSection() function provides a flexible and powerful way to manage layout and content in ASP.NET applications.

Understanding HTML Helper Methods

In web development, HTML Helper Methods are functions in a web framework that generate HTML code to be rendered in a web page. These methods simplify writing HTML by providing a more efficient and intuitive way to generate commonly used HTML elements, such as forms and input fields. Helper methods also offer additional functionality like validating user input and managing form data. Overall, HTML Helper Methods make it easier and faster to write HTML code by providing pre-built functions that can be customized to fit specific needs.

What is the Use of Validation Summary?

The Validation Summary is a control in ASP.NET that is used to display all the validation errors in a single location, rather than displaying them next to each input control. It is useful when you have multiple input fields on a form, each with their own validators. Instead of displaying the error message next to each invalid input field, you can place the Validation Summary control on the form and all the error messages will be displayed together in one place. This provides a cleaner and more organized look to your form. Additionally, you can customize the appearance of the error messages in the Validation Summary control.

Understanding Glimpse in ASP.NET MVC

Glimpse is a profiling and diagnostics tool for ASP.NET applications. It provides a detailed look at the inner workings of your application, including performance metrics, data access, and requests. Glimpse can be added as a package through NuGet and integrates with your MVC application, allowing you to access the information it provides through your web browser. It's a great tool for identifying bottlenecks and diagnosing issues in your application.

How to Use Multiple Models in a Single View in ASP.NET MVC?

In ASP.NET MVC, it is possible to use multiple models in a single view. This can be achieved by creating a view model which is a combination of multiple models.

To illustrate this, let's assume we have two models - Employee and Department. We want to display the details of an employee along with the details of the department he/she belongs to in a single view.

Here's how we can create a view model that combines both models:

public class EmployeeDepartmentViewModel { public Employee Employee { get; set; } public Department Department { get; set; } }

Now, in the controller action, we can create an instance of this view model and populate it with the required data:

public ActionResult Details(int employeeId) { var employee = _employeeService.GetEmployee(employeeId); var department = _departmentService.GetDepartment(employee.DepartmentId);

var viewModel = new EmployeeDepartmentViewModel() { Employee = employee, Department = department };

return View(viewModel); }

Finally, in the view, we can access the properties of both models through the view model:

Employee Details:
Name: @Model.Employee.Name
Age: @Model.Employee.Age
Department: @Model.Department.Name
Location: @Model.Department.Location

By using a view model that combines multiple models, we can display complex data in a single view without violating the separation of concerns principle in ASP.NET MVC architecture.

Discussion of Required Namespaces in ASP.NET MVC

In ASP.NET MVC, there are several namespaces that are required in order to utilize the framework effectively.

One such namespace is "System.Web.Mvc", which contains the core classes used in ASP.NET MVC, including the Controller base class and other important types such as ActionResult, ViewData, and TempData.

Another important namespace is "System.Web.Routing", which provides the routing functionality used by MVC to map URLs to controllers and actions. This namespace contains the Route class and related types, which are used to configure and manage routes.

Additionally, "System.Linq" is a necessary namespace for working with LINQ queries in the context of MVC, as it provides access to the extension methods used to query and manipulate data from collections and other sources.

Finally, the "System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations" namespace is important for data validation, as it contains the attributes used to decorate model properties with validation rules that can be enforced by MVC's built-in validation system.

Overall, understanding and utilizing these namespaces is crucial to building effective and efficient applications with ASP.NET MVC.

Purpose of "beforeRender()", "beforeFilter()", and "afterFilter()" functions in Controller

These functions are hooks in the Controller class of the CakePHP framework which allow you to execute logic before or after the rendering or filtering of a controller action.

• The beforeRender() function is called immediately before the PHP view file is rendered and allows you to modify or set variables used by the view.
• The beforeFilter() function is called before the action is executed and allows you to set up any state needed for the action.
• The afterFilter() function is called after the action is executed but before the view is rendered. You can use this function to perform any final tasks related to the action.

//Example
class UsersController extends AppController {
 
    public function beforeFilter() {
        parent::beforeFilter();
        //set up any state needed for the action
    }
 
    public function index() {
        //action logic
    }
 
    public function beforeRender() {
        parent::beforeRender();
        //modify or set variables used by the view
    }
 
    public function afterFilter() {
        //perform any final tasks related to the action
    }
} 

Various Development Approaches with Entity Framework

The Entity Framework is a popular Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) tool used in .NET development. Here are some development approaches that can be used with the Entity Framework:

Code-First Approach:

This approach involves creating the application's entities in code and generating the database schema from this code definition.

Database-First Approach:

This approach involves creating the database schema first and then generating the entities from the database schema.

Model-First Approach:

This approach involves creating the application's entities using a visual designer and then using this model to generate the database schema and the corresponding code.

The choice of development approach is based on the project's needs and requirements. However, the Code-First approach is becoming more popular due to its simplicity and flexibility. Overall, the Entity Framework provides a powerful and flexible platform for developing .NET applications.

What is a Postback?

A postback is a mechanism by which a web page's state is sent to the server for processing and then the server responds by sending the updated state back to the client. This can happen when a user interacts with a form on the page and submits it, causing a postback to occur. During the postback, server-side code can then be executed, data can be updated, and the resulting HTML can be sent back to the client browser for display. Postbacks are commonly used in ASP.NET web forms to manage state and handle user input.

Scenario-based Interview Question on ASP.NET MVC

Suppose you are designing an application which utilizes Forms Authentication in ASP.NET MVC. How would you handle this authentication process?

Restricting Users from Directly Requesting a Method/Action in the URL

To ensure that users cannot directly access a method or action through the URL in their browser, you can use access control methods in your application.

One approach is to use sessions and check if the user is logged in before allowing them to access the method or action. If they are not logged in, they should be redirected to a login page.

Another approach is to use server-side code to verify that the request came from an authorized source. This could include validating authentication tokens, checking user permissions, or searching for patterns that indicate malicious intent.

It's important to also follow secure coding practices, such as input validation and proper error handling, to prevent vulnerabilities in your application.

Can Action methods be overloaded?

In the context of ASP.NET MVC, action methods cannot be overloaded as the framework relies on the name of the method to match with the route that has been defined. However, different action methods can have the same name in a single controller by using the ActionName attribute. This enables us to have multiple methods that perform different actions with the same URL endpoint.

Managing Unhandled Exceptions in Action Methods

In order to manage unhandled exceptions in the action method, you can use try-catch blocks. This will allow you to handle any exceptions that may occur during the execution of the code.

Here is an example of how to use try-catch blocks to handle unhandled exceptions:

public ActionResult MyAction()
{
    try
    {
        //Code that could potentially throw an exception

        return View();
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
        //Handle the exception
        return View("Error", ex.Message);
    }
}

In this example, if an exception is thrown during the execution of the code in the action method, it will be caught in the catch block. You can then handle the exception in whichever way is appropriate for your application, such as displaying an error message to the user.

It is important to note that while try-catch blocks can help manage unhandled exceptions, it is generally better practice to write code that does not throw exceptions in the first place. This can help improve the reliability and maintainability of your application.

Creating an ASP.NET MVC Project with Source Code

To create an ASP.NET MVC project with source code, follow these steps:

1. Open Visual Studio.
2. Click on "File" and select "New".
3. Select "Project".
4. Select "ASP.NET Web Application (.NET Framework)" from the list of project types.
5. Enter a name for your project and select a location to save it to.
6. Click "OK".
7. In the "New ASP.NET Web Application" window, select "MVC" as the project template.
8. Ensure that the checkbox for "Add folders and core references for" is selected and that "MVC" is selected in the dropdown menu.
9. Click "OK".
10. Visual Studio will create an ASP.NET MVC project with the necessary source code files, including a default "HomeController" and "Index" view.

You can now begin working on your ASP.NET MVC project and modifying the source code as needed.